Titanium Sheet and Plate

What you are buying

Titanium plate is specified by service condition, not by strength

Most rejected titanium orders trace to one of two omissions: naming a grade without naming the standard, or leaving the condition blank on an alpha-beta alloy. Both are avoidable, and both are settled before the plate is rolled.

Titanium resists corrosion through a passive titanium dioxide film. In oxidising and neutral chloride conditions that film reforms as fast as it is damaged, which is why unalloyed Grade 2 handles seawater indefinitely. In reducing acids, and inside tight crevices where the oxygen has been consumed, the film cannot repair itself and the metal corrodes actively. Every grade decision in the table below comes back to that single mechanism.

The commercially pure grades 1 through 4 contain no intentional alloy additions. What separates them is the permitted level of interstitial oxygen and nitrogen plus substitutional iron, which the standard allows on purpose because those elements raise strength. Read the oxygen row down and the elongation row across and the family makes sense: oxygen climbs from 0.18 to 0.40 percent, minimum tensile more than doubles, and elongation falls from 24 to 15 percent.

Grade 4 is not lower quality than Grade 1. It carries more oxygen and iron to buy strength, and pays for it in formability and weld ductility. The same logic runs through the palladium grades: Grade 7 is Grade 2 chemistry with 0.12 to 0.25 percent palladium added, and its mechanical minimums are identical to Grade 2 because the addition changes corrosion behaviour, not strength.

Grades we supply

ASTM B265 grade table: chemistry, mechanicals and the reason to specify each one

Tensile, yield and elongation figures below are the annealed minimums required by ASTM B265 for strip, sheet and plate. Elongation is measured in 2 in. or 50 mm. Density is a nominal physical property, not an ASTM requirement, so it never appears on a mill certificate as a tested value.

Table 1: Titanium sheet and plate grades, ASTM B265 annealed minimums

Grade	UNS	Nominal composition	Min UTS	Min yield (0.2%)	Min elong.	Density	Primary reason to specify
Grade 1	R50250	Unalloyed Ti · O 0.18 max · Fe 0.20 max	240 MPa	138 MPa	24%	4.51	Deepest forming and drawing; anode substrate and loose lining stock
Grade 2	R50400	Unalloyed Ti · O 0.25 max · Fe 0.30 max	345 MPa	275 MPa	20%	4.51	Seawater and general corrosion service; the default weldable grade
Grade 3	R50550	Unalloyed Ti · O 0.35 max · Fe 0.30 max	450 MPa	380 MPa	18%	4.51	Pressure parts needing more strength than Grade 2 without alloying
Grade 4	R50700	Unalloyed Ti · O 0.40 max · Fe 0.50 max	550 MPa	483 MPa	15%	4.51	Strongest unalloyed grade; dental and surgical instrument work
Grade 5	R56400	Ti-6Al-4V · Al 5.5 to 6.75 · V 3.5 to 4.5	895 MPa	828 MPa	10%	4.43	Load-bearing machined parts, shafts and fasteners
Grade 7	R52400	Grade 2 chemistry + Pd 0.12 to 0.25	345 MPa	275 MPa	20%	4.51	Reducing acids and crevice corrosion
Grade 9	R56320	Ti-3Al-2.5V · Al 2.5 to 3.5 · V 2.0 to 3.0	620 MPa	483 MPa	15%	4.48	Tube and formed parts that still cold-form at about 1.8× Grade 2 tensile
Grade 11	R52250	Grade 1 chemistry + Pd 0.12 to 0.25	240 MPa	138 MPa	24%	4.51	Grade 7 corrosion behaviour where deep forming is needed
Grade 12	R53400	Ti-0.3Mo-0.8Ni · Mo 0.2 to 0.4 · Ni 0.6 to 0.9	483 MPa	345 MPa	18%	4.51	Hot chloride brine and high-temperature crevice service
Grade 16	R52402	Grade 2 chemistry + Pd 0.04 to 0.08	345 MPa	275 MPa	20%	4.51	Grade 7 duty at roughly a third of the palladium
Grade 17	R52252	Grade 1 chemistry + Pd 0.04 to 0.08	240 MPa	138 MPa	24%	4.51	Grade 11 duty at roughly a third of the palladium
Grade 23	R56407	Ti-6Al-4V ELI · O 0.13 max · Fe 0.25 max	828 MPa	759 MPa	10%	4.43	Fracture-critical parts, cryogenic service and surgical implant material

Source: annealed minimums per ASTM B265 Table 2, chemistry limits per ASTM B265 Table 1. Note on Grade 23: as plate to ASTM B265 it is UNS R56407. As surgical implant material to ASTM F136 the same alloy is UNS R56401 with higher tensile minimums and different interstitial limits. Name the standard, not just the grade. Writing the wrong UNS is a common cause of rejected material.

Table 2: Chemistry limits and yield band for the commercially pure grades (wt%, max unless noted)

Element	Grade 1	Grade 2	Grade 3	Grade 4	Why it matters
Oxygen	0.18	0.25	0.35	0.40	The main strength lever in unalloyed titanium
Iron	0.20	0.30	0.30	0.50	Substitutional strengthening; also a beta stabiliser
Nitrogen	0.03	0.03	0.05	0.05	Potent strengthener, tightly limited for ductility
Carbon	0.08	0.08	0.08	0.08	Fixed across all four grades
Hydrogen	0.015	0.015	0.015	0.015	Read this one on the certificate (see note below)
Residuals, each / total	0.1 / 0.4	0.1 / 0.4	0.1 / 0.4	0.1 / 0.4	Caps everything not listed individually
Min tensile	240 MPa	345 MPa	450 MPa	550 MPa	More than doubles across the family
Min yield	138 MPa	275 MPa	380 MPa	483 MPa	Tracks the oxygen limit upward
Max yield (B265)	310 MPa	450 MPa	550 MPa	655 MPa	Sheet above the band will not form to the shapes these grades are bought for
Min elongation	24%	20%	18%	15%	The price paid for the oxygen

Source: ASTM B265 Table 1 (chemistry) and Table 2 (mechanical properties). B265 also specifies a maximum yield strength for the CP grades, which is unusual and often missed on purchase orders.

Grade selection

Read the grade from the service condition, not from the grade name

Work down this table in order. Confirm against the governing standard before quotation, because a grade is orderable in a given product form only if a standard covers that combination.

Table 3: Service condition to grade

ondition	Grade the mechanism points to	Why
Seawater, brackish water, neutral chlorides	Grade 2	The oxide film reforms as fast as it is damaged in oxidising and neutral chloride conditions
Reducing acids, or crevices under gaskets and deposits	Grade 7 or 16 on a Grade 2 base Grade 11 or 17 on a Grade 1 base	Palladium acts as a low-hydrogen-overvoltage cathode and shifts the corrosion potential back into the passive range
Hot chloride brine, geothermal, desalination	Grade 12	Molybdenum and nickel raise the crevice corrosion threshold at temperature, with no palladium cost
Load-bearing machined part, shaft, fastener, or a drawing calling for Ti-6Al-4V	Grade 5, with condition stated	Alpha-beta alloy that responds to solution treatment and ageing; one UNS number covers annealed and aged material hundreds of MPa apart
Fracture-critical part, cryogenic service, medical implant	Grade 23: to ASTM F136 if it is an implant, to B265 or B348 if it is not	Extra-low-interstitial chemistry trades strength for fracture toughness
Tube that must bend, hold pressure and beat Grade 2 on strength	Grade 9	A strength-to-weight upgrade, not a corrosion upgrade
Pressure part needing more strength than Grade 2 with unalloyed corrosion behaviour	Grade 3 or Grade 4	Alloy-level strength from interstitials alone, keeping CP corrosion behaviour
Anode substrate to be coated with MMO or platinum	Grade 1 for formed anodes, Grade 2 for flat plate anodes	Selection follows forming and stiffness, not corrosion. See the substrate section below

Two failure patterns worth naming. Defaulting to Grade 5 because it is the strongest is the first: it does not out-perform Grade 2 in seawater or acid, and costs more to buy, weld and machine. Treating Grade 9 as a corrosion upgrade is the second: it buys strength-to-weight, not corrosion margin.

Why palladium works in Grade 7

Palladium is not a coating on Grade 7. It is dissolved in the metal at 0.12 to 0.25 percent by weight, and it works as a cathode. Palladium has a low hydrogen overvoltage, so a few hundredths of a percent shift the corrosion potential of the whole plate upward into the range where titanium dioxide reforms on its own. In a reducing acid, that is the difference between a passive surface and an actively corroding one.

The mechanism explains two things buyers get wrong. First, why Grade 7 and Grade 2 share identical mechanical minimums. The addition is doing electrochemical work, not metallurgical work. Second, why Grades 16 and 17 exist: at 0.04 to 0.08 percent palladium, roughly a third of the Grade 7 content, they cover moderate duty at a fraction of the platinum-group metal cost. Palladium pricing is what created that tier.

Published corrosion-rate comparisons between Grade 2 and Ti-0.2Pd in hot dilute hydrochloric acid put the difference at roughly two orders of magnitude. Treat that as a direction, not a design number: the actual rate depends on acid concentration, temperature, aeration and velocity, and it belongs in a corrosion engineer’s calculation rather than a product table.

Why Grade 12 is the odd one out

Grade 12 carries no platinum-group metal at all, which is why it is the most misread grade in the system. Its 0.2 to 0.4 percent molybdenum and 0.6 to 0.9 percent nickel do two separate jobs: they lift the minimum tensile to 483 MPa, about 40 percent above Grade 2, and they push the crevice corrosion threshold to higher temperature and chloride concentration.

That combination is why Grade 12 is specified for hot brine in desalination and geothermal service rather than for cold acid. It is a near-alpha alloy, mostly alpha with a little beta from the molybdenum and nickel, so it cannot be strengthened by heat treatment and is supplied annealed.

The working rule

Reducing acid points to Grade 7 or Grade 16. Hot chloride points to Grade 12. When both apply, as in a hot reducing chloride solution, the choice needs a corrosion engineer rather than a table, and we would rather say that than quote you the wrong plate.

Why this page is on an anode manufacturer’s site

Titanium plate as an anode substrate

The coating decides how the anode performs.
The plate decides how long that performance lasts.We have been firing MMO coatings onto titanium since 2006, so we specify substrate from the coating side of the interface.

A titanium mill supplier sells you plate. We sell you plate that is going to be blasted, coated, fired at 400 to 550 °C through 10 to 20 cycles, welded to a bus bar and then run under current for years. Those are different specifications, and the differences show up in three places a conventional grade table does not mention.

1. Forming decides Grade 1 versus Grade 2

Grade 1 has a 138 MPa minimum yield, a 310 MPa maximum yield and 24 percent elongation. That band is what lets it draw into expanded mesh, ribbon anodes and irregular shapes without cracking at the corner radii. Grade 2 gives up 4 points of elongation for 137 MPa more tensile, and is specified where the anode is a flat plate that must stay flat under current and weld cleanly into a bus bar assembly. Neither is better. They are bought for different geometries.

2. Surface finish is part of the coating specification

For plate that will be coated, the surface is not a cosmetic choice. A mill-annealed pickled surface carries a stable, reproducible oxide. A blasted surface carries mechanical anchor points that a 5 to 20 µm coating can key into. A polished or mirror surface carries neither. It looks better in a photograph and holds a coating worse. If the plate is destined for acoated anode, tell us at the enquiry stage and we will supply it in the condition the coating process actually wants.

3. Hydrogen and reverse current are the two silent killers

Hydrogen is covered above: hydride platelets embrittle without moving the tensile numbers, and the interface between substrate and coating is the worst place to find them. The second is operational. Reverse or intermittent current reduces coating adhesion, so an anode that is periodically polarity-switched or frequently shut down under load loses coating life that no substrate grade can recover.

Substrate selection at a glance

Anode geometry	Substrate grade	Reason
Expanded mesh, ribbon, woven	Grade 1	24% elongation, 310 MPa yield ceiling, so it draws without cracking
Flat plate anode	Grade 2	Stiffness to stay flat under current; the default weldable grade
Rod, tube anode	Grade 1 or 2	Follow the forming route, not the corrosion table
Hot reducing-acid service	Grade 7	Palladium holds the substrate passive where the film cannot self-repair
Hot brine, geothermal	Grade 12	Higher crevice threshold at temperature

Coating loading, thickness and sintering route are quoted separately with the anode, not with the plate.

Thickness, width and length ranges

These are typical industry ranges for flat-rolled titanium, not a stock list. Available width, length and tolerance class depend on grade and mill route, and every quotation states what is actually available for your order.

Table 4: Typical dimensional ranges, ASTM B265 flat product

Product form	Thickness	Width	Length	Usual route
Foil	0.025 to 0.10 mm	up to 600 mm	coil	Cold rolled, Gr1 / Gr2
Strip (coil)	0.10 to 3.0 mm	10 to 600 mm	coil	Cold rolled, slit to width
Sheet	0.3 to 4.75 mm	up to 1500 mm	up to 3000 mm	Cold rolled, mill annealed
Plate	4.75 to 60 mm	up to 2500 mm	up to 4000 mm	Hot rolled, mill annealed
Heavy plate	60 to 100 mm	on request	on request	Hot rolled / forged, limited grades
Cut-to-size blank	as above	to your drawing	to your drawing	Sheared, waterjet or sawn

Typical industry ranges. Confirm available width, length, tolerance class and flatness for your specific grade in the quotation. ASTM B265 tables permissible tolerances for thickness, width, length, weight variation and flatness separately for strip, sheet and plate; the tolerance class belongs on the order line alongside the dimension.

From titanium sponge to certified plate, and which stage sets which property

Every number on your certificate was fixed at one particular stage of the mill route. Chemistry was fixed at the melt. Strength was fixed by the oxygen level and by how much cold reduction the plate took. Flatness was fixed at the leveller. The hydrogen figure was fixed on the pickling line. When a value comes back wrong, naming the stage tells you which one to argue with the mill about.

ASTM B265 states what the plate must be.
It does not state how the plate became that.

Two mills can reach the same 345 MPa minimum tensile in Grade 2 by different routes, and the routes stop being interchangeable the moment the plate is formed, welded or coated.

Table 5: Process parameters and the documents that name them

Stage or parameter	Value or method	What it controls
Beta transus, unalloyed titanium	882 °C (1620 °F)	Ceiling of the alpha-field route used for the CP and palladium grades
Beta transus, Ti-6Al-4V	about 995 °C	Where Grade 5 and Grade 23 change deformation behaviour and microstructure
Recrystallisation, cold rolled CP titanium	about 700 to 750 °C	The final anneal that sets condition M and removes cold work
Annealing range, Ti-6Al-4V sheet	704 to 899 °C (1300 to 1650 °F), AMS 4911	Annealed condition on the aerospace-route alloy
Ultrasonic examination, wrought titanium	AMS 2631, 6.4 mm (0.25 in) and over	Internal soundness: laminations, inclusions, voids
Ultrasonic examination, Chinese route	GB/T 5193-2020, cross-section 6 to 500 mm	Equivalent method quoted on GB/T 3621 orders
Tensile testing	ASTM E8 / E8M	How the yield and tensile minimums were generated
Rounding of results	ASTM E29	Whether a borderline figure passes, by a stated rule

Basis: beta transus values are phase transformation temperatures for the nominal compositions, not B265 acceptance limits. Recrystallisation and annealing temperatures are process ranges from published literature and product specifications. AMS 2631 is titled for bar, billet and forging, so name it explicitly on the order if you want it applied to plate. The mill route used for your order is confirmed in writing with the quotation.

Surface finishes, and what each one is actually for

Finish affects weld preparation, coating adhesion, cleaning behaviour and price. Specify it by name rather than by appearance.

Mill annealed & pickled

Hot or cold rolled, annealed, then acid pickled to remove scale. Grey-blue, slightly matt, uniform. The standard supply condition and the right choice for further forming, welding or coating.

Hot rolled

Scale left on, or lightly descaled. Darker and rougher than pickled. Cheapest route into heavy plate, and the starting point when the scale is going to be removed by your own process.

Sand blasted

Uniform matt texture with raised surface area. The finish that gives a thermal-sprayed or fired coating something to key into mechanically. Specify grit and target roughness if the plate is going to be coated.

Ground / brushed

Directional abrasion to a defined grit. Removes light surface defects and gives a consistent appearance for visible parts, without the reflectivity of a polish.

Polished bright

Progressive abrasion to a low roughness. Chosen for cleanability and appearance in food, pharmaceutical and architectural service. Note the trade-off: a smoother surface holds a fired coating less well.

Mirror

The highest reflectivity available, produced by fine mechanical polishing. Specified for optical, decorative and jewellery work where the surface is the product.

Applications by grade

The same plate becomes a very different component depending on the grade. These are the duties we ship to most often.

• Electrochemical and anode work: Grade 1 and 2 substrate for MMO, platinised and PbO₂ anodes; backing plates, bus bar tie-ins and tank linings in electroplating, electrowinning and cathodic protection.
• Seawater and marine: Grade 2 for heat exchanger plate, condenser waterboxes, ballast water treatment and desalination internals. Grade 12 where the brine runs hot.
• Chemical processing: Grade 2 for oxidising and neutral media; Grade 7 or 16 for reducing acids, including dilute sulphuric and hydrochloric service under gaskets and deposits where crevice attack starts.
• Aerospace and structural: Grade 5 (Ti-6Al-4V) for load-bearing machined parts, brackets and fasteners; Grade 23 where fracture toughness or cryogenic behaviour governs.
• Medical and surgical: Grade 23 to ASTM F136 for implant stock; Grade 4 for surgical instruments, where the highest unalloyed strength is useful and deep forming is not.
• Power and geothermal: Grade 12 for hot chloride brine, geothermal brine handling and high-temperature crevice service.

What comes with the plate, and how each number was produced

A grade table gives limits. It does not say how a value was produced, and two certificates quoting the same figure by different methods are not answering the same question.

Every shipment carries an EN 10204 3.1 mill test certificate with heat-number traceability as standard. The certificate reports chemical composition and mechanical properties against the governing standard named on your order. Where a buyer’s specification calls for additional tests such as ultrasonic examination, bend testing, hardness, or product analysis rather than heat analysis, state them in the RFQ and they are quoted as a document scope, not added silently.

One distinction decides how the figures are read. The limits in Tables 1 and 2 are heat analysis limits taken at the melt. A product analysis run later on the finished plate carries its own permissible tolerance and does not widen the grade. A certificate that does not say which one it reports is ambiguous.

Standard document package

EN 10204 3.1 MTC · heat-number traceability · packing list · commercial invoice · certificate of origin. Third-party inspection (SGS, TÜV, BV, Lloyd’s) arranged on request.

Table 6: Test methods named by the ASTM B-series

What is determined	Method	What naming it settles
Oxygen and nitrogen	ASTM E1409	Inert gas fusion. The interstitial figures have a stated basis
Hydrogen	ASTM E1447	The element with the tightest limit, determined by a named method
Carbon	ASTM E1941	Combustion, rather than an unstated in-house technique
Alloy composition	ASTM E539 / E2371	XRF and plasma emission spectrometry
Tensile properties	ASTM E8 / E8M	How yield and tensile were generated, including strain rate
Rounding of values	ASTM E29	Whether a borderline figure passes, by a stated rule not by judgement

Naming a method settles how a value was produced. It does not add an examination stage the order did not ask for, and it does not make two different determinations interchangeable.

Frequently asked questions

What is the difference between titanium sheet and titanium plate?

ASTM B265 sets the boundary at thickness. Material 4.75 mm (0.187 in) thick or less and at least 610 mm (24 in) wide is sheet. Material over 4.75 mm thick and over 254 mm (10 in) wide is plate. Strip is the same thin gauge supplied under 610 mm wide, usually in coil.

The distinction matters on a purchase order because B265 tables tolerances for thickness, flatness and camber separately for strip, sheet and plate. Ordering “plate” at 2 mm gets you sheet tolerances whether or not anyone notices.

Which titanium grade should be used in seawater?

Grade 2 (UNS R50400) is the baseline for seawater, brackish water and neutral chloride service. Titanium passes through a surface titanium dioxide film that reforms as fast as it is damaged in oxidising and neutral chloride conditions, which is why unalloyed Grade 2 handles seawater indefinitely.

Grade 5 (Ti-6Al-4V) is chosen in seawater only where the part carries mechanical load. It is not more corrosion resistant than Grade 2, and it costs more to buy, weld and machine.

What is the difference between Grade 7 and Grade 2 titanium?

Grade 7 is Grade 2 chemistry plus 0.12 to 0.25 percent palladium. The mechanical properties are identical: the same 345 MPa minimum tensile and 275 MPa minimum yield. The palladium changes corrosion behaviour in reducing acids and inside crevices, where the oxide film cannot repair itself. Grade 2 corrodes actively in those conditions; Grade 7 stays passive.

Grade 16 carries the same duty at 0.04 to 0.08 percent palladium, roughly a third of the content, for moderate service where full Grade 7 palladium is not justified.

Is Grade 12 titanium a palladium grade?

No. Grade 12 (Ti-0.3Mo-0.8Ni) contains no platinum-group metal. It carries 0.2 to 0.4 percent molybdenum and 0.6 to 0.9 percent nickel, which raise the minimum tensile to 483 MPa and lift the temperature and chloride concentration at which crevice corrosion starts.

Grade 12 is specified for hot brine in desalination and geothermal service, not for cold acid. Reducing acid points to Grade 7 or Grade 16; hot chloride points to Grade 12.

What does 99.5 percent pure titanium mean on a certificate?

It is arithmetic, not a certified value. ASTM B265 specifies no minimum titanium percentage for the commercially pure grades. Titanium content is determined by difference from the listed element maxima. Figures such as 99.5 percent are leftovers from adding up the oxygen, iron, nitrogen, carbon and hydrogen limits.

A certificate that quotes a titanium minimum is reporting something the standard does not require. Read the oxygen and hydrogen figures instead. Those are the ones that actually govern behaviour.

Which grade is used as a titanium anode substrate?

Grade 1 and Grade 2 are both used, and the choice follows forming rather than corrosion. Grade 1 has a 138 MPa minimum yield, a 310 MPa maximum yield and 24 percent elongation, so it draws and expands into mesh, ribbon and irregular anode shapes without cracking. Grade 2 is specified where the anode is a flat plate that must stay flat under current and weld cleanly into a bus bar assembly.

Both carry the same 0.015 percent maximum hydrogen limit, which is the figure that matters most for a plate that will later be coated and fired at 400 to 550 °C.

Can titanium plate be used in fluoride-containing solutions?

Not without a compatibility check. Fluoride ions attack the titanium substrate itself rather than only the surface film, and this applies to every grade including the palladium grades.

Baths containing free fluoride, fluoride-complexed plating electrolytes and hydrofluoric acid pickling lines are the usual failure cases. Send the bath chemistry and operating temperature before ordering plate for that service.

How is titanium plate manufactured from sponge to finished sheet?

Eight stages. Charge calculation and electrode pressing, vacuum arc remelting in two or three passes, ingot homogenisation and forging to slab, hot rolling in a reversing mill, descaling and pickling, cold rolling with intermediate anneals, mill annealing and levelling, then finishing, inspection and certification. The heat number is carried through every stage and appears on the EN 10204 3.1 certificate.

For the unalloyed and palladium grades the deformation route is kept inside the alpha field, below the 882 °C beta transus of pure titanium. Crossing it coarsens the prior beta grain, and no later heat treatment repairs that in a single-phase alloy. Melting through an electron beam cold hearth furnace is specified where dense inclusions have to be removed, because those inclusions are fatigue crack origins.

Does the manufacturing route affect the hydrogen content of titanium plate?

Yes, and pickling is the stage that sets it. Titanium pickling solutions are hydrofluoric and nitric based, and the fluoride that dissolves the mill scale also attacks the substrate, so hydrogen can enter the metal there. Hydrogen taken into solution can precipitate as titanium hydride platelets on cooling, which embrittle the plate without moving the tensile numbers. A plate can pass every test ASTM B265 requires and still make a poor anode substrate.

The control is a dehydrogenation anneal in vacuum or inert gas after pickling, plus holding the 0.015 percent hydrogen maximum that B265 requires for every commercially pure grade. If the plate will be coated and fired at 400 to 550 °C, ask at which stage the hydrogen figure was measured. A value taken before the final anneal says nothing about the plate you receive.

Which ultrasonic testing standard applies to titanium plate?

AMS 2631 or GB/T 5193, not ASTM B548. B548 is Ultrasonic Inspection of Aluminum-Alloy Plate for Pressure Vessels, and its scope lists aluminium alloys such as 3003, 5052 and 6061. It does not cover titanium, and ASTM B265 does not invoke it.

AMS 2631 applies from 6.4 mm (0.25 in) and is written for bar, billet and forging, so it has to be named explicitly on the purchase order to be applied to plate. GB/T 5193-2020 covers wrought titanium products with a cross-section from 6 to 500 mm and is the method quoted on GB/T 3621 orders. Where neither fits, the method is named and agreed on the order line.

What is the minimum order quantity, and how long does delivery take?

MOQ depends on grade and form. Standard-size Grade 2 sheet ships in small quantities; non-standard widths, palladium grades and heavy plate are mill-routed and carry a higher minimum. Lead time follows the same logic. Stock-adjacent sizes ship in days, a rolled-to-order heat takes weeks.

Send the seven order fields above with a quantity and we will return both figures in the same quotation, normally within 12 hours.